Cyanocobalamin
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) Manufacturer | The Industry Standard for Fortification Headline: Premium Cyanocobalamin Manufacturer | Cost-Effective Vitamin B12 (CAS: 68-19-9) Sub-headline: USP/EP/BP Grade | High Stability Red Powder | Feed & Food Fortification Essential Unique Selling Proposition (USP): • Superior Stability: The most stable form of Vitamin B12, resistant to oxidation and high temperatures, making it ideal for food processing and feed premixes. • Cost-Efficiency: The most economical B12 source for large-scale supplementation and fortification programs. • Global Compliance: Fully compliant with USP, EP, BP, and JP pharmacopeial standards.
Introduction
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12), CAS No. 68-19-9, is the synthetic, commercially manufactured form of Vitamin B12. It is produced via bacterial fermentation and is characterized by its deep red color and excellent stability profile.
While Methylcobalamin is the active form, Cyanocobalamin is the industry standard for fortification (flour, cereals, milk) and multivitamin tablets because it does not degrade easily during manufacturing or storage. Once ingested, the body efficiently converts it into the active coenzymes (Methylcobalamin and Adenosylcobalamin). It is widely used in pharmaceuticals, food supplements, and animal feed.
Category：
Keywords：
cyanocobalamin
fortification
Functions
1.Energy Metabolism
• Mechanism: Acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids (Krebs cycle).
• Action: Essential for converting food into usable energy (ATP), reducing fatigue and lethargy.
2.Red Blood Cell Formation
• Mechanism: Required for DNA synthesis in bone marrow cells.
• Action: Prevents megaloblastic anemia by ensuring red blood cells mature properly.
3.Nervous System Health
• Mechanism: Maintains the myelin sheath (protective covering of nerves).
• Action: Prevents nerve damage and neurological symptoms like numbness or tingling.
Applications
1.Food & Beverage Fortification
• Application: Breakfast cereals, energy drinks, plant-based milk alternatives, and infant formula.
• Why it works: Its high thermal stability allows it to withstand extrusion, pasteurization, and baking processes without losing potency.
2.Animal Feed Additives
• Application: Premixes for poultry, swine, and ruminants.
• Why it works: Prevents "sluggish growth" and anemia in livestock. Essential for protein utilization in animals.
3.Dietary Supplements
• Application: Multivitamin tablets and capsules.
• Why it works: Provides a shelf-stable, cost-effective source of B12 with a long history of safe use.
Flow Chart
1.Fermentation: Submerged fermentation using Pseudomonas denitrificans or Sinorhizobium meliloti.
2.Filtration: Separation of biomass from the broth.
3.Cyanidation: Treatment with cyanide ions to convert all cobalamin forms into stable Cyanocobalamin.
4.Adsorption & Elution: Purification using resin columns.
5.Crystallization: Solvent extraction and cooling to form crystals.
6.Recrystallization: Repeated to reach Pharma grade purity (>98%).
7.Drying: Vacuum drying.
8.Sieving & Dilution: Pure crystals are often diluted (e.g., 0.1%, 1%) with carriers like Mannitol or DCP for easier handling in premixes.
9.Packaging: 1kg Tins or 25kg Drums.
Quality Standard of Lactoferrin
Product: Cyanocobalamin (USP/EP/Feed Grade)
CAS: 68-19-9
| Item | Specification | Result |
| Appearance | Dark red crystals or powder | Conforms |
| Assay (on dry basis) | 96.0% - 102.0% | 99.2% |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 12.0% | 4.5% |
| Related Substances | Total ≤ 3.0% | 1.2% |
| Heavy Metals | ≤ 20 ppm | < 10 ppm |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | < 1 ppm |
| Microbiology | Salmonella Negative | Negative |
| Residual Solvents | Meets USP Requirements | Conforms |
(Note: For Feed Grade 1% or 0.1%, the Assay will reflect the diluted concentration, e.g., 1.0% min)
Method of Analysis of Lactoferrin
Test Method: UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
• Procedure: Absorbance is measured at the wavelength of maximum absorption (approx. 361 nm). The ratio of absorbance at 361 nm to 278 nm and 361 nm to 550 nm is checked to confirm identity and purity.
• HPLC: Used for impurity profiling and separating pseudo-cobalamins.
Reference Chromatogram of Lactoferrin Reference Substance
(Description)
The UV spectrum is characteristic with maxima at 278 ± 1 nm, 361 ± 1 nm, and 550 ± 2 nm. In HPLC, Cyanocobalamin elutes as a distinct single peak, separated from Hydroxocobalamin and other corrinoids.
Stability and Safety
Stability Studies
• Thermal Stability: Highly stable. Can withstand temperatures up to 100°C for short periods (during food processing).
• pH Stability: Stable in neutral and weak acid solutions (pH 4-7). Instability increases in strong alkaline or acidic conditions.
• Light Sensitivity: Like all B12 forms, it is light-sensitive but significantly more stable than Mecobalamin.
• Shelf Life: 3-5 Years (Pure crystals) / 2 Years (Dilutions).
Safety & Handling (MSDS Summary)
• Classification: Non-hazardous.
• Handling: Hygroscopic. Keep containers tightly closed. Wear mask to prevent inhaling fine dust.
• Storage: Store in a cool, dry place protected from light.
Customer Comments
Production Manager, GrainFoods Inc. (USA)
2026.03.31
★★★★☆
Quality Head, Injecta Pharma (Egypt)
2026.03.31
★★★★☆
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FAQ
Do you offer diluted versions?
Yes, we supply Pure Crystals (99%), as well as 1% or 0.1% triturations on carriers like Maltodextrin, Mannitol, or DCP (Dicalcium Phosphate) to facilitate precise dosing.
Is Cyanocobalamin toxic due to the cyanide molecule?
No. The amount of cyanide released during metabolism is minuscule and biologically insignificant (far less than what is found in apple seeds or almonds). It is detoxified rapidly by the body.
Is it suitable for vegetarians?
Yes, it is produced by microbial fermentation and contains no animal tissues. It is the primary supplement recommended for vegans to prevent B12 deficiency.
References
1.O'Leary, F., et al. (2010). "Vitamin B12 in health and disease." Nutrients.
2.Scott, J.M. (1999). "Bioavailability of vitamin B12." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
3.EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP). "Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Vitamin B12."1.Markwardt, F. (1991). "Hirudin and derivatives as anticoagulant agents." Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
2.Greinacher, A., et al. (2001). "Lepirudin (recombinant hirudin) for parenteral anticoagulation..." Circulation.
3.Nowak, G. (2002). "Pharmacology of recombinant hirudins." Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis.
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